Irrespective of your enrolled program (Bachelor, Masters, or Post-graduate) at Bayero University Kano, other higher institutions in Nigeria or any part of the world, grading systems are tools used to evaluate students learning and assimilation during their course of study.
Grading systems may differ from one institution to another, but the sole purpose remains the same across the board.
In this article, you’ll find detailed information about how GPA/CGPA works, why is it important, and how to keep a high GP.
In This Article
- How Does Grading of Students’ Work?
- How To Calculate Grade Point Average (GPA) & Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA)
- What Is A Good GPA?
- Why Is Keeping A High GPA Important?
- Warning, Probation and Withdrawal
How Does Grading of Students’ Work?
Just like how lecturers score you for tests, assignments, projects, and other form of assessments. The department too takes your records, and then find the average cumulative grade point. Then award you a deserving degree.
Average Grade point consists of a number that shows your performance at the end of the session and the academic year. It indicates how well or high you score in all your courses (subjects). Usually, most institutions operate on a 5.0 scale GP system i.e. at the end of the session, academic year, or completion of your degree. You can score between 1.0-5.0.
Moreover, grading of courses is done by a combination of percentage marks and letter grades translated into a graduated system of Grade Point Equivalent (GPE).
Each course is graded out of a maximum of 100 marks (made up of continuous assessment and written Examination) and assigned appropriate Grade Point Equivalent.
It is important to note that;
- Grading systems differ from institutions and departments. Students are advised to follow-up with departmental handbooks or course advisors. To be able to understand the grading system such department operates on.
- Only Final Year Projects grade is about 100% without any written exams.
| Score | Letter | Grade |
|---|---|---|
| 70-100% | A | 5 |
| 60-69% | B | 4 |
| 50-59% | C | 3 |
| 45-49% | D | 2 |
| 40-44% | E | 1 |
| 00-39% | F | 0 |
How To Calculate Grade Point Average (GPA) & Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA)
What is a Grade Point Average (GPA)?
Grading of courses is the combination of percentage marks and letter grades (A, B, C, E, and F). The alphabets translate into a graduated system of Grade Point Equivalent (GPE).
Total Number of Credit points (TCP) divide by Total Number of Credit Units (TCU) of the courses registered in that semester gives GPA.
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The values of GPA ranges from 0 – 5. The table below shows a detailed evaluation of how to calculate GPA for a semester. The maximum grade of a Course is 100 marks and appropriate Grade Point Equivalent (GPE) is assigned.
| COURSE | CREDIT UNIT REGISTERED | GRADE EARNED | CREDIT POINT (CP) | GRADE POINT AVERAGE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Registered module having specific code and credit unit. E.g. EGR 2201, ELE4302 etc. | Sum of the total credit units of the total courses registered in a semester | Letter grade applicable (Refer to Table 1) | Grade point earned in a course (Refer to Table 1) multiplied by the credit unit of the course | GPA =TCP/TCUR |
| TOTAL | TCUR | TCP |
| Course | Credit Unit Registered (CUR) | Grade Earned | Credit Point (CP) | Grade Point Average |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EGR2201 | 2 | A | 10 | |
| EGR2303 | 3 | B | 12 | |
| EGR2305 | 3 | E | 3 | |
| EGR2103 | 1 | A | 5 | GPA = TCP/TCUR |
| GSP2201 | 2 | B | 8 | |
| EGR2204 | 2 | C | 4 | |
| MTH2301 | 3 | F | 0 | |
| TOTAL | 18 | 42 | 2.33 |
What Is Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA)
CGPA is your up-to-date mean GPA performance across all the semesters in which you sat for exams. Take note that the Mean value is not (1st GPA+2nd GPA)/2, but rather CGPA is cumulative GPA calculation.
We can calculate this by dividing the Cumulative Total Number of Credit Points (CCP) by the Cumulative Credit Units Registered (CCUR) for all the semesters registered so far. The values of CGPA ranges from 0 – 5.
| LEVEL/SEMESTER | CREDIT UNIT REGISTERED(CUR) | CUMULATIVE CREDIT UNIT REGISTERED(CCUR) | CREDIT POINT (CP) | CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE (CGPA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100/1ST | 18 | 69 | 69 | 3.89 |
| 100/2ND | 22 | 89 | 158 | 3.97 |
| 200/1ST | 21 | 76 | 234 | 3.84 |
| 200/2ND | 23 | 64 | 298 | 3.55 |
What Is A Good GPA?
In most Nigerian institutions, students with high GPA have the chance to partake in competitions, scholarships, and others. Ultimately, it supports as qualifying criteria rendered by academic and non-academic organization sorting for students with good academic excellence. Students are acknowledged during the convocation ceremony.
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GPAs maybe use as requirements when you want to enrol in clubs, associations, or participate in extra-curricular activities. Having a low GPA suggests you performed poorly in your courses during the semester or academic year. If unchecked, one may be eligible for withdrawal or probation.
Your GPA is important if you want to continue your studies and apply for a post-graduate degree (Master’s or Ph.D. degree).
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Why Is Keeping A High GPA Important?
Maintaining a high GPA is not easy. If you start with a low GPA at the beginning of your study program, it is much harder to raise your GPA later on. Your GPA will vary throughout your study. But have in mind that your GPA in every semester will give you a good indication of how well you are doing in your courses overall.
However, the class of degree you belong to depend on your Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) earned at the end of the program (After final year).
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First Class 4.50 – 5.00
Second Class Upper 3.50 – 4.49
Second Class Lower 2.40 – 3.49
Third Class 1.50 – 2.39
| Class of Degree | CGPA |
|---|---|
| First Class | 4.50 – 5.00 |
| Second Class Upper | 3.50 – 4.49 |
| Second Class Lower | 2.40 – 3.49 |
| Third Class | 1.50 – 2.39 |
Warning, Probation and Withdrawal
First of all, your stay at the University lies in your Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA). The minimum tolerable CGPA is 1.50.
Students with CGPA below 1.50 will fall under warning, probation, or withdrawal as the case may be.
Subsequently, students suffer from probation and failures because they lack basic skills on How to Prepare For Examination and Become Successful
Warning
Failure to keep your CGPA above 1.5 will attract Academic Warning (CGPA< 1.50) for the first time. This warning is usually in the form of verbal advice, and you’ll be aware of the implication of dropping below the minimum tolerable CGPA in the next semester exams.
Probation
You would be on probation if your CGPA is below 1.5 at the end of a session. Above all, failure to make a CGPA of 1.5 or above at the end of the next consecutive session, would lead to withdrawing from the program.
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